Twin Engines of Urbanisation: Commercialisation and Consumerism in Bengaluru’s Development
Pramod V and Ramappa K B
Abstract
It is widely accepted that urbanisation as a process is a natural outcome of development. However, its varying pace across cities calls for a theoretical explanation. While many researchers have empirically explored the development paths of different cities, this paper aims to identify the drivers of urbanisation within a theoretical framework. Urbanisation in Bengaluru’s development poses a challenging case for theoretical conceptualisation, considering that it is rapidly expanding beyond the city centre into many key peri-urban areas. This paper argues that this trend is mainly driven by the forces of commercialisation and consumerism, reshaping both the physical and social landscapes. Commercialisation has brought about significant infrastructure, connectivity and employment improvement, increasing the suitability of these locations for investment and residential purposes. At the same time, rising incomes and aspirations are fuelling neo consumerism and changing lifestyles. The study, based on field surveys and interviews, highlights how residents of these transitional zones have adapted confidently to new ways of working, moving and making day-to-day choices. The findings underscore the importance of inclusive and sustainable urban planning in supporting economic growth and community development. Bengaluru’s development path represents not only its physical expansion, but also a broader transformation in terms of aspirations, identity and opportunity, mainly driven by the powerful forces of commercialisation and consumerism.