Abstract
The key questions facing primary education are whether the students are learning and the factors affecting learning outcome. Among all the factors, social context plays an extremely important role even today. Social factors like gender, caste and religion create the most common form of educational inequality. This inequality is very prominent in the regions which are geographically backward. Using primary and secondary data, a case study has been carried out to explore the learning levels of primary school children and the social factors affecting its outcome. The study finds that social factors significantly influence educational outcome.